Natural coloring products application and development prospect
date:2016-11-17
browse:(466)
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By AAFUD Industry (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd
Background
Food industry is increasingly globalization,The Chinese market occupy the position of the global market is very important, because China has a billion-plus population.Consumers want more natural, healthy and safety food.Among them,The primary problem is how to food coloring? Natural coloring products come into being at the same time. Natural coloring solution is becoming one of the very important solution of the global food processing industry.
China’s Food Additives Regulation and Standard Introduction
1.        more than 2,500 food additives are allowed to used
2.        over 1800 types of food flavors
3.        more than 700 types of single food additive products
4.        Synthetic chemical products, extraction of natural substances, microbial fermentation products, medical and pharmaceutical products,etc.
Food Coloring Agent, or color additive, imparts color to foods. An edible substance that improve food’s color and lustre.Color, flavor, taste, appearance are four elements of food’s sensory properties. Color is the first impression to customers. People have stronger sense of color than other senses.
The common food coloring agents are divided by two sources: Natural colors and Artificial colors
1.        Naturalcolors, extracting and refining from plants, animals and microorganism, as a kind of natural products or  transformed products, are used for coloring foods. (Not officially defined by China regulation)
2.        Artificial colors are organic and inorganic colors made by artificial chemical synthetic methods. Most of artificial colors are organic colors made by aniline dyes that extract from coal tar.
Base on dissolution characteristic, food coloring agents can be divided into water-soluble and fat-soluble. Currently all artificial coloring agents are water soluble. China allows the generation of color lake to change the formulation. It mainly is used in aluminum lake.Two classifications:Base on color;Base on the colored food category
Coloring mechanisms
Different matters absorb different wavelength’s light. If the wavelength of one matter absorbed is in the visible light region(400 - 800nm), this matter would present certain color, which is the color reflex by non-absorbed wavelength.If the wavelength absorbed is in between 200 to 400 nm, the matter has no color. If the molecule has two or more conjugated color bases, the wavelength shifts to visible light region. Then the organic can present color.
1.        Chromophores (Color base or color former)

2.        Auxochrome
The wavelength of some base is in the ultraviolet region, which means no color present. But if they are connected with chromophores, they will make the whole molecule shift to the long wave direction, this base is called Auxochrome.Like -OH、-OR、-NH2、-NR、-SR、-Cl、-Br;
Colors = Chromophores + Auxochrome
Color of different Wavelength andcomplementary color
Wavelength absorbed by mattersnm Correspondent color Transmitting color
(complementary color)
400 Purple Yellow-green
425 Indigo Yellow
450 Cyan Orange
490 Dark-green Red
510 Green Purple
530 Yellow-green Purple
550 Yellow Indigo
590 Orange Cyan
640 Red Dark-green
730 Purple Green

The function of natural colors
1.        Antioxidative — Mainly for enhancing human body immunity, anti-aging. Many natrual colors are antioxidative. Astaxanthin is the strongest, known as the forth generation of antioxidants. Others are β-carotene, lycopene, anthocyanins, curcumin, sorghum red, alkannin, lac Red, Gardenia yellow, etc
2.        Antibiosis and anti-inflammation — curcumin, alkannin.
3.        Lower blood lipid — Red kojic, algal blue, geniposide.
4.        Retina, eyesight protection — Lutein, anthocyanins.
5.        Protect liver — Curcumin
6.        Improve iron deficiency anemia — iron chlorophyll sodium salt.
National Food Drug Administration approve 114 kinds of raw materials for health care.Many of them are natural colors’ raw materials. The development of this field has gotten attentions. The growth rate of global healthcare market is 10 - 15%.This field has huge growth potential.China healthcare market has problems such as overrated medical effects, lack of physiological regulation function test data. If these problems can be addressed, the growth potential could be larger.
Application
1.        Edible color ink:The common ink contains toxic aniline color, not edible.
It cannot used for printing on foods package, otherwise would cause toxic pollution.
At present, natural colors and nontoxic solvent are used in produce edible ink, specially use in food package printing, which guarantee no toxic pollution in foods.
The tested natural colors are monascus red, carmine cochineal, turmeric (curcumin), anthocyanins.
2.        Dye for special use fabric:Non-toxic, anti-demal allergy underwear and children clothing fabrics dye.The underwear that dye by reactive dye can result in allergy (especially females).   Due to the fragile skin of children, reactive dyes and orgainc dyes are more harmful to children. During May and June in 2013, IUCN released “Global brand children's clothing poisonous residues investigation”.  IUCN conducted children and infants clothing sampling from 25 countries and areas in global scale. The result shown 12 brands’ cloth contain toxic substance, including Burberry, Adidas, Disney etc.
3.        Functional household products:Utilizing the coloring function and special  biology activity of natural colors, functional household products can be produced.①toothpaste:Chlorophyll toothpaste, chlorophyll copper sodium salt toothpaste have anti-inflammation, stop gingiva bleeding functions;②Lipstick:The most common use is chili red.The lipstick contains alkannin can prevent angular cheilitis,lip fissure.③Skin care products:Eye cream that contains anthocyanin can tighten skin, eliminate black eye and eye pouch.Astaxanthin whitening cream, utilizing astaxanthin’s anti-oxidation to protect skin and anti-aging.Blueberry anthocyanin mask can moisten, tighten and whiten skin.④Soap:Chlorophyll soap that contains chlorophyll copper sodium salt has cleansing, disinfection and sterilization functions.Hand care carotene soap that contains various carotene, can protect hand skin, prevent skin crack.⑤Perfume coloring:The solution of perfume is ethanol. Perfume needs various colors. The natural colors in use must be soluble in ethanol, and no sediment. At present, the colors in use are gardenia yellow, alcohol soluble gardenia blue and alcohol soluble grape skin red
Prospect and Attention
Natural colors have many years in application study, and are using in many fields. From the current view, the health care foods, social medical food and medical study have large potential. We should have further analysis, then will get the higher achievement.One thing we should pay attention is that, in order to guarantee the non-toxic, non-harm properties don’t change, the natural colors’s original chemical structure should not be changed, and auxiliary bases have limited scale ofchemicalmodification. This standard can lead natural colors to boarder usage.
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